This report, one in a series of reports on contemporary issues in licensing, focuses on effective practices for ensuring child care licensing regulations are enforced. It provides examples of enforcement practices and philosophies and new initiatives to ensure effective enforcement. Some of the practices cited may be helpful to state licensing agencies considering the challenges involved in ensuring that licensed facilities stay in compliance with state regulations. It also poses several questions for those at local, state, and federal levels focused on protecting children's health and safety in child care settings. (author abstract)