In 2009-10, the 10th Report from the Public Accounts Committee focused on the Pre-School Education Expansion Programme. The PAC made 11 recommendations in relation to PSEEP, the first of which was: The Committee recommends that the Department should commission research to more accurately identify which parents are not taking up the opportunity of pre-school education and the reasons for their nonparticipation. It is particularly important that non-attending children from disadvantaged areas, who are not likely to receive support from other sources, are identified and targeted for intervention through preschool education. In response, the Department of Education accepted the recommendation and Early Years Team initiated discussion with Statistics and Research Team to conduct research to help identify those parents not taking up the opportunity of pre-school education for their children and to ascertain the reasons for this. (author abstract)