Language development is a significant milestone in the infant/toddler years; vocabulary by 2 years of age is predictive of later school success. It has been recognized within the bioecological systems theoretical framework that language develops as a result of an interplay between characteristics of the child, features of the setting, and interactions between children and adults (Bronfenbrenner and Morris 2006; Dunst et al. 2006). Child care centers serve as an important setting for many young children. The purpose of this article was to compare the language and literacy environments in two distinct types of child care centers. Partnership Centers (n = 33) had higher standards for structural quality than Typical Centers (n = 29). Language literacy environments as well as caregiver communication strategies were significantly better in Partnership Centers. Improvements in both environments and interactions are possible with professional development that provides caregivers opportunities to gain knowledge and reflect on current practices. (author abstract)