The Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (OPRE) in the US Department of Health and Human Services' Administration for Children and Families (ACF) contracted the Urban Institute (Urban) to develop a better understanding of racial and ethnic disparities in human services programs and to design a plan to identify and analyze disparities in access to and take-up of services, the nature and quality of services received, and service outcomes in ACF programs. This report summarizes the existing research on racial and ethnic disparities in six programs administered by ACF: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), the Child Support Enforcement Program, the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF), Head Start, and programs for runaway and homeless youth and adolescent pregnancy prevention programs administered by ACF's Family and Youth Services Bureau (FYSB). The report also introduces a conceptual framework to distinguish between racial and ethnic "disparities" and "differences." The framework suggests that disparities may exist at different points along the service delivery path, from initial program access to program services and treatment to outcomes. (author abstract)
Identifying racial and ethnic disparities in human services: A conceptual framework and literature review
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Literature Review
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