This brief summarizes findings from the implementation of the first design, which used existing data to create a national picture of the AI/AN population of young children and their families, and their access to and participation in early childhood services using the 2010-2014 American Community Survey (first published in Malone et al., 2017). This brief will: 1. Describe the population of AI/AN young children and their families, including socioeconomic status, household employment, and highest household educational attainment; and 2. Estimate the need for early childhood and health services, including early care and education attendance and health care coverage of AI/AN young children and their families, by examining the services that families receive. (author abstract)