This report is divided into the following two sections: - Section I reviews literature pertaining to early childhood school readiness and assessment. In this section, we examine definitions of school readiness, identify best practices in assessment, and discuss off?the?shelf KEAs. - Section II profiles three RTT?ELC grant recipients and examines their activities in developing statewide early childhood assessment systems. The three states profiled are Washington, Maryland, and North Carolina. In addition to the above two sections, the Appendix provides samples of school readiness definitions and indicators for Virginia, Kentucky, Washington, and Maryland. (author abstract)