The Education Review Office (ERO) evaluated how effectively early childhood services helped children to develop social competence, emotional well-being and an understanding of appropriate behaviour. ERO gathered data for this evaluation from 310 early childhood services during their regular scheduled education reviews in Terms 2 and 3, and part of Term 4, 2010. This report discusses the areas of strength, and areas for development that ERO found. It also describes the practices of specific service types -- Playcentres, kindergartens and education and care services -- in supporting children's social competence, and understanding of appropriate behavior. (author abstract)